Drop, impact and settle

100 g cube, 4 cm side. Initial COM height 350 mm: bottom clearance 330 mm. Released from rest. Gravity 9.81 m/s², nominal friction 0.4, timestep 1 ms, duration 1 s. PhysX restitution is zero; other stacks use their recorded soft-contact settings, not an assumed equivalent restitution coefficient.

Drop, impact, settle. Where does the impulse go?PhysX CPU / Isaac SimNewton / MuJoCo-WarpMuJoCo CPU · dropGenesisCOM height (mm)377279.1181.183.1-14.870.000 s0.333 s0.666 s0.999 sVertical velocity (m/s)0.5207-0.3014-1.123-1.946-2.7680.000 s0.333 s0.666 s0.999 sNet contact force Fz (N) · impact274.2200.5126.953.31-20.310.248 s0.278 s0.308 s0.338 sVertical contact impulse (N·s)1.0580.77420.490.2058-0.07840.000 s0.333 s0.666 s0.999 sLowest cube vertex (mm) · impact29.919.779.631-0.5043-10.640.248 s0.278 s0.308 s0.338 sNet vertical force, including gravity (N)273.2199.6125.952.33-21.290.248 s0.278 s0.308 s0.338 sMeasured traces · step-held forces · geometric penetration is not contact offset · no accuracy ranking

Contact impulse is integrated native contact force. Net force includes gravity. Lowest-vertex height uses the full recorded orientation; negative values indicate overlap of the ideal box with z=0, not an engine's contact margin. No smoothing or peak normalization.

Metrics · Vector figure